Valve cooling means



Feb. 2, 1943. EB YINGLING VALVE cooLme VMEANS Filed June 3, 1941 (Ittorne g Patented Feb. 2, 1943 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2 Claims.

The present invention relates to improvements in valve cooling means forinternal combustion more especially applied to engines of the two cycletype. The subject matter of the present invention and application forpatent is a continuation in part of one of the inventions disclosed inmy copending application for patent Serial Number 350,750 filed August3, 1940.

In the physical embodiment of the present invention in a two cyclemulti-cylinder internal combustion engine I employ a set comprising twopairs of hollow exhaust valves for each cylinder of the engine, and eachhollow valve is fashioned with a tubular stem for circulation of thecooling medium, as oil. After the power stroke of the reciprocatingpiston in its cylinder, the spent gas is exhausted from the cylinderthrough the seats of these four valves which open inwardly into thecylinder. These valves, together with their operating means are locatedin the cylinder head or engine head, and in the system for cooling thevalves, and for lubricating the valves and other operating parts withina housing over the cylinder head, I employ a pump which circulates oilunder pressure, and in connection with a sump and suitable piping.

In the accompanying drawing I have illustrated one set of valves,cooling means, and lubricating means therefor, in which my invention isembodied, and the invention consists in certain novel combinations andarrangements of parts as will hereinafter be more fully set forth andclaimed. The drawing shows one complete example of the physicalembodiment of my invention, but it will be understood that changes andalterations may be made in the exemplifying drawing without departingfrom the principles of my invention.

Figure 1 is a top plan view showing a portion of a cylinder head withits top housing removed, and disclosing a set of four oil-cooled valvesand part of the valve operating means embodying my invention. I

Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view as at line 2-2 in Figure l andtransversely of the engine, showing a pair of exhaust valves andoperating means therefor, together with the means for delivering thecooling and lubricating oil to the valves.

Figure 3 is an enlarged vertical sectional view as at line 3-3 of Figure1 showing one of the reciprocating, hollow, exhaust valves with itstubular stem, and also disclosing one of the stationary or fixed oilsupply pipes within the valve ure 1 showing the arrangement of the pipessupplying oil to the duplex oil troughs or chambers.

In order that the general arrangement and relation of parts may readilybe understood I have shown in Figures 1 and 2 a portion of the cylinderhead I having four valve seats as 2, and it will be understood that aset of two pairs of inwardly or downwardly opening exhaust valves 3control these openings or valve seats. The four diametrically arrangedvalve openings or seats 2 communicate through exhaust chamber 4 of thecylinder head with the usual exhaust manifold that is mounted alongsidethe engine head.

For supporting the valves and guiding the re ciprocating movement of thetubular stems, four cylindrical sleeves 5 are mounted in the engine headand they pass down through the water chamber 6 and a depressed partition1 which separates the exhaust chamber 4 from the water spaces 6.

As best seen in Figure 3 each hollow valve 3 has a tubular stem 8 whichreciprocates in a guide bushing 9 that is rigidly mounted in one of thesleeves 5, and the upper open end of the tubular valve stem is providedwith a collar in threaded thereon.

Directly beneath the collar the stem is fashioned with a reduced neckportion, and atapered, split resilient washer II is mounted about theneck portion for the support of an open center disk I2, and the valvespring i3 is coiled about a portion of the stem and a portion of thebushing and interposed between this disk i2 and a complementary disk l4.This disk l4 encircles an annular flange l5 exterior of the bushing 9and both the disk I4 and flange I5 are supported on the upper or outerface of the top of the cylinder head I. Thus itwill be understood thatthe spring tends to lift the valve and holdit up against its seat 2 toclose the exhaust port from the cylinder.

For lubricating the valve stem 8 as it reciprocates in its guide bushing9, the latter is fashioned with an interior enlargement that forms anoil chamber l6 within its inner bore, and nal ports are shown at Hextending outwardly to an annular oil groove [8 whi h i fashioned in thetop face of the flange l5 of the bushing. Sprayed oil, in a shower, iscollected the oil chamber, and in this manner the valve stem islubricated.

The valves are depressed from their seats, and opened, in pairs, throughoperating mechanism actuated in suitable manner from the cams of the camshaft of the engine. For imparting the opening movement to the pairs ofvalves I employ two T-shaped cross heads l9 each having a dependingsleeve 20 that telescopes over a fixed tubular post 2|, and a spring 22(dotted lines Fig. 2) is mounted in this telescoping structure to liftthe depressible, resiliently supported. cross-head after it has beendepressed to open a pair of valves.

In Figure 2 it will be seen that the two valves are adjustable onopposite ends of the cross head through the instrumentality ofexternally threaded comparatively long bushings 23 that are threaded inthe bearings 20 of the cross head l9, and the lower ends of thesebushings are seated in recesses in the upper portions of the collars IDfixed at the upper ends of the tubular valve stems.

The collar 13, the cross-head bearing 29' and the bushing or gland 23thus form a continuation of the upper end of the tubular valve stem 8,and the cooling oil flowing upwardly through the tubular stem is sprayedout through the upper open end 23 of the bushing 23.

The operating means for the two pairs of valves includes two rocker arms24 and 25, each of which contacts with a cross head to depress itagainst the tension of its spring 22. These arms are pivoted in bearingsat 26, mounted in suitable brackets on top of the cylinder head, and tothe short arm 2'! of each rocker arm a spring rod 28 is pivoted. Thelower end of this rod passes into a slide sleeve 29 upon the lower endof which sleeve a roller 39 is journaled and adapted for co-operationwith one of the cams of the cam shaft in operating the valves.

The hollow valves and their tubular stems are internally cooled by thecirculating and lubricating oil which is supplied under pressure from asuitable pump, through a system of pipes one of which pipes is indicatedat 3| in Figure 4 and here referred to as the main oil supply pipe. Thismain pipe ha two branches 32 and 33 and together with suitable couplingsand fittings the branch pipes are each connected with a closed oildistributing trough as 36 and 35. These troughs are arranged inparallelism, transversely of the cross heads and above them, and eachtrough is provided with two spaced outlet or distributing pipes 36attached by a clamp nut 31 at the under side of the trough. Each ofthese fixed and stationary distributing pipes depends from the troughthrough one of the tubular valve stems and terminates in a nozzle 38located in the hollow valve. Each trough is mounted at its opposite endsupon an upright bracket ,39 bolted on top of the cylinder head, andsuitable fastening means, as a stud bolt 40 and nut 4| are employed forsecuring the troughs on their brackets.

In Figure 4 the branch pipe 42 is indicated as leading to the rocker-armbearing 26 to supply lubricating oil thereto.

It will be understood that a cover or housing is employed over the valveunits in Figure 2 to protect operating parts and also to prevent loss orwaste of oil as it is sprayed from the upper open end 23 of the bushing23 ,over the parts. The cooling and lubricating oil from the pump issupplied through the main pipe 3| and flows under pressure through thebranch pipes 32 and 33 to the troughs from where the oil flows throughthe distributing pipes 36 to the interior of the cavity in the head andtubular stems. The oil thus fills the hollow valve and tubular stem andcirculates upwardly through the stem and is sprayed from its upper end,the spraying action being enhanced by the reciprocating movement of thevalve with relation to the stationary pipe 35. Thus the lubricating ofthe valve stem is accomplished at [6, I 1, and lBas before described,and other working parts of the operating means are also lubricated.After having been sprayed from the tubular stems the oil is returned tothe usual sump below the crank case of the engine and again passedthrough the oil pump and supplied under pressure to the main pipe as 3|.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desireto secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In an internal combustion engine the combination with a pair ofspaced hollow exhaust valves mounted for reciprocatory movement eachvalve having a tubular stem open at its upper end, and means forsupporting and guiding the reciprocal movement of the valves, of a pairof spaced upright brackets adjacent the valves, a liquid cooling troughsupported on the brackets, means for supplying liquid to the trough, anda stationary pipe depending from said trough and extending through eachof the'tubular stems respectively, for the supply of a cooling liquidfrom said trough to the head of said valve, said liquid overflowingthrough the upper end of the valve stems.

2. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with acylinder-head and a post mounted thereon, a depressible cross headresiliently mounted on the post, said cross-head having two endbearings, and a bushing threaded in each bearing with its lower endbelow the bearing, of a pair of hollow exhaust valves mounted forreciprocatory movement and having tubular stems each with an open upperend, a collar rigid with the upper open end of each stem and forming asocket for the lower end of a bushing, a stationary liquid coolingsupply-pipe depending through each tubular valve unit to the head ofsaid valve, and a liquid supply trough connecting the upper ends of saidsupply pipes.

FRANK B. YINGLING.

